K Sanvi
Al Azhar Medical College , IndiaTitle: A systematic review on acute kidney injury following cardiac surgery: Clinical outcomes with preventive strategies over the decades.
Abstract
Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication following cardiac surgery, contributing to increased morbidity and mortality. This systematic review aims to comprehensively evaluate the incidence, risk factors, and clinical outcomes associated with AKI post-cardiac surgery.
Methods: A systematic search of electronic databases was conducted to identify relevant studies published. Studies reporting on AKI incidence, risk factors, and clinical outcomes in adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery were included. Data were extracted and synthesizedfollowing PRISMA guidelines.
Results: A total of 23 studies were included in the review. AKI was associated with increased short and long-term morbidity and mortality, prolonged hospital stay, and higher healthcare costs. Encouraging outcomes were noted when dexmedetomidine, a highly selective α2-adrenergic receptor agonist, was administered during surgery. Two promising non-pharmacological strategies to reduce CSA-AKI are the use of a revolutionary renal guard (RG) system and the introduction of a KDIGO-based treatment bundle. Teprasiran, a new P2Y12 receptor antagonist, was found to significantly reduce the frequency and severity of AKI. The results of this review further highlight the significance of customised preventative measures and risk stratification.
Conclusion: Acute kidney injury is a significant complication following cardiac surgery, with considerable variability in its incidence and associated risk factors. Implementation of preventive strategies is crucial in mitigating AKI-related morbidity and mortality. Further research is warranted to optimize patient outcomes and healthcare resource utilization in this population.
Biography
K Sanvi, a driven and accomplished individual, is on journey to becoming a distinguished medical professional. Currently in her fourth year at Al Azhar Medical College and Super Speciality Hospital in India, she is set to graduate in 2025. With a stellar academic record, she attained 83% in IGCSE and 90% in CBSE for her 10th and 12th grades respectively. Despite the rigors of medical school, she has maintained an impressive academic standing.
Sanvi’s contributions extend beyond academia. Her research in mental health garnered recognition as promising paper of 2024. Her research project on post menopausal women QoL earned her the Metropolis Top 10 Researcher Award. Her dedication to advancing medical knowledge is evident through her publications and ongoing research projects. As a leader, she actively participates in professional organizations, serving as a member of the Indian Medical Association and holding leadership roles within her college.
Sanvi is not only multilingual but also a mentor, fluent in English, German, Hindi, and Malayalam. With her passion for medicine, commitment to research, and leadership qualities, she is poised to make significant contributions to the healthcare field.
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